Cybersecurity We are also focused on ensuring that our vehicles are the most secure on the road. To do that, our team of world-class engineers works day in and day out to ensure that our systems are always as secure as possible. And while some of the best security engineers work at Tesla, we believe that in order to design and build inherently secure systems, we cannot work alone. We work closely with the security research community to benefit from their collective expertise and diversity of thought. Here is a snapshot of what we do: Continuous product improvement Tesla pioneered the concept of vehicles that improve and become more capable over time by ensuring that every Tesla vehicle made since 2012 can accept free over-the-air (OTA) software updates. These updates have introduced new features and functionality that have made our vehicles smarter, safer and more enjoyable to drive. We have also used the OTA system to ensure that our vehicles are not just as secure as possible when they are delivered, but that they continue to stay as secure as possible throughout their lifetime—meaning that any older Tesla vehicle that keeps its software updated through the OTA system will be just as secure as a newly built Tesla. To date, we are the only major automotive company capable of continual software enhancements across its entire vehicle fleet. Active engagement Whether through formal events, such as our Bug Bounty program or the Pwn2Own research competition, or less formal channels of communication, we are constantly working with academic researchers and security experts around the world. We have found that these relationships allow us to benefit from great work being conducted by stakeholders outside of our organization who are just as passionate about digital security as we are. For example, when researchers found a vulnerability in the Model S key fob, they reported it to Tesla, allowing us to examine their report and engineer a new in-vehicle update for the key fob, making it even more secure within a matter of seconds following the update. The above examples are just a few of the many ways that our industry-leading team of security experts works every day to ensure our vehicles are the most secure on the road today. 41